How to Configuring VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)

Traditions across multiple switches and maintaining VLAN on one of the biggest obstacles is that you want to add/remove and separate management VLAN on each switch. VLAN Trunking Protocol, also known as VTP is a technology, which allows the propagation of VLAN from a single switch to multiple Exchange Server-client way. In this lab you will dive into the configuration that you want to propagate VLAN from a single switch to multiple switches in VTP server and the VTP client mode.

In VTP world, VTP server is VLAN in the network communications management concentration points. Every time you create a new VLAN in VTP server, the VLAN is automatically propagated to the switches in the same VTP domain. Think of as a single autonomous system or individual collection shares the same VTP domain for VLAN switching. For example you have a large network of campus construction in the University. Design of three-layer model of the building will have a core of access and distribution. In this design, the distribution switch a VTP server. In most cases, the VTP server chassis switches or switch stack to provide redundancy to access converter.

Create a VLAN on the distribution switches will allow all exchangers access other access switches in the same VLAN as the different floors of the building, so you do not have 3 different switches, distribution and access to the two examples given in the create the VLAN on switch.

VTPv2 is available in large commercial network in the campus core VTPv2 is capable of transmitting up to 1005 VLAN, but once you hit the ceiling in VTP VLAN will need to migrate to the VTP version 3 to allow for the 4095 VLAN propagation.

There are currently three VTP version; this is a fairly new version of VTP version 3 offers more than one or two major advantages.

VTP version 1 was originally released this technology is configured as a VTP Server enables you to Exchange, VTP client, VTP transparent switch (4-11 discussion in a lab) and VTP mode off, completely disable VTP on CatOS switches.

VTP version 2 is not a lot different from v1 VTPv2 including support for token ring VLAN and VTP pruning. If these features are not needed in the network you don't need to start with a version upgrade to version two.

VTP version 3 on the other hand there has been a significant advantage over its predecessors, both to the most advantageous feature of modern network are VTP v3 supports the entire IEEE VLAN range 1-4095, also private VLAN information dissemination capacity. VTP v3 also gives a better administrative control by allowing you to configure the VTP domain which devices can update other devices the VLAN topology view. You can now select the VTP is opened on a per trunk basis to open or close the VTP and VTP server is now the primary and backup servers.

Step back now, ask yourself if someone else inserted and later databases with the same VTP domain and VLAN information entirely different network switches what's going to happen. The answer is very simple, you have a network of VLAN into the barrel as you change on all the switches, and pulled them out, new additions, and so on. When switches and ports to the VLAN is deleted it is at the time the specific VLAN, port access shut down. All in all, if this happens on your watch and its your fault you better update your resume.

But don't worry, there is hope!! The same VTP password, you can help prevent harmful VTP Server switch in the network. By using the VTP password matches the switch is a VTP server only if the password of the client.

VTP domain can be a unique location, but there is a domain name, is special, VTP domain: Null, this domain name is basically without a domain name, its blank and null object that represents the domain name. When it is changed, however you cannot change it back to Null.

In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the following command;

Lab Instruction:

Step 1. Configure SW1 and SW2 and SW3 is configured as a VTP server as a VTP client. Settings for Cisco on all three switches in the VTP domain name.


Configuring VTP and VTP domains by using VTP mode ModeType VTP domain and the domain name is shown below; set the VTP domain, please keep in mind that before this must be set the VTP mode, if you set the VTP domain on a client-side exchanger. If you need to change you must set its transparent VTP domain and then change the name, and/or password and then switch back to the VTP mode client.

SW1 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
SW1>enable
SW1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#vtp mode server
Device mode already VTP SERVER.
SW1(config)#vtp domain CISCO
Changing VTP domain name from NULL to CISCO
SW1(config)#

SW2 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
SW2>enable
SW2#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW2(config)#vtp domain CISCO
Domain name already set to CISCO.
SW2(config)#vtp mode client
Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.

SW2(config)#

SW3 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
SW3>enable
SW3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW3(config)#vtp domain CISCO
Domain name already set to CISCO.
SW3(config)#vtp mode client
Setting device to VTP CLIENT mode.

SW3(config)#

Step 2. Develop configured on the VTP servers by using the name of VLAN 10, and verify that it is correctly propagated to SW2 and SW3.


To accomplish this goal, you need to create a VLAN in VTP server, in this case is the SW1. Create VLAN as you would on any other VLAN, Cisco Catalyst series switches shown below;

SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#name Development
SW1(config-vlan)#end
SW1#

How to Configuring a Management VLAN Interface

Switch in the world, called switched virtual interface for the VLAN logical interface. Exchanger you will see when you are configuring a VLAN interface these interfaces. You have the ability, like a FastEthernet interfaces to configure these interfaces. You can assign a VLAN interface IP address, the bridge group, interface descriptions, and even quality of service policies.

Have a VLAN interface to the 2nd tier equipment's ability to communicate with other devices on the 3rd floor. Multilayer switching uses the VLAN interface on multi-layer routing in an Exchange. Basically, the switch is a-rod on his router, which in Lab 4 20 discussions. Multilayer switched networks, switches, such as Cisco and Cisco 3,550 3,560 uses the VLAN interface as the default gateway for the host PC and other machines of the network to communicate with other IP networks.

For example, Cisco, with 3,550 VLAN,VLAN 10 and VLAN 20. Are assigned to each VLAN interface IP address of 192.168.10.0/24 and 192.168.20.0/24. When VLAN 10 on PC needs upward VLAN 20 PC, it will use the default gateway of the VLAN interface and switches to route data through the layer3 and converter and switch data reported in the Layer2 in the new VLAN.

Second layer only exchanger at any given time only a single active VLAN interface. Management VLAN interface this interface call. 2900XL,2950 layer two Cisco switches including Cisco and 2960.

In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the VLAN interface configuration mode.

Lab Prerequisites:

• Than load if you use GNS3 CCNA free Binder GNS3 topology than starting system R1 and SW1.
• Building R1 and SW1 configuration console sessions respecting the hostname of the device (s).
• For verification purposes you will need to be configured on R1 VTY line password and assign IP address 10.1.1.1/24 host to the R1 ′ s FastEthernet0/0 interface.

Lab Objectives:

• Creating and naming the VLAN number 10 management.
• Create VLAN 10 interface and assign IP addresses to 10.1.1.10/24
• SW1 FastEthernet0/1 interface is assigned to VLAN 10.
• By using R1 to Telnet IP address in VLAN 10 on SW1 to verify the management VLAN configuration.

Lab Instruction:

Free CCNA complete this lab you should be familiar with the previous labs in Binder commands required.

Step 1. Creating and naming the VLAN number 10 management.

SW1 con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

SW1>enable

SW1>configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW1(config)#vlan 10

SW1(config-vlan)#name Management

SW1(config-vlan)#end

SW1#

Step 2. Create the VLAN 10 interface and assign it an IP address of 10.1.1.10/24.

To accomplish this goal requires first of all by entering global configuration, and then use the command interface VLAN interface configuration mode to create a VLAN interface # keep in mind create a VLAN number is proportional to the number of the VLAN interface. Vlan10 interface VLAN 10, interface Vlan20 will be used for VLAN 20.

SW1#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

SW1(config)#interface vlan10

SW1(config-if)#ip address 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.0

SW1(config-if)#no shut

SW1(config-if)#

Step 3. Assign the FastEthernet0/1 interface on SW1 to VLAN 10.

SW1(config-if)#interface FastEthernet0/1

SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10

SW1(config-if)#no shut

SW1(config-if)#end

SW1#

Step 4. By using R1 to Telnet IP address in VLAN 10 on SW1 to verify the management VLAN configuration.

R1#telnet 10.1.1.10

Trying 10.1.1.10 ... Open

User Access Verification

Password: 

SW1>

How to Creating Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs)

Real World Application & Core Knowledge:

Starting off first allows the use of a flat network definition. Flat network design network is a network engineer do not daisy chain hubs together with the knowledge of and/or switches to create a single large network includes hundreds of, if not tens of thousands of devices in a single subnet.

From a design point of view it was broadcast and control traffic can overwhelm the network crazy bad idea. In real-world production of multiple access network (such as Ethernet and you will find when you take the previous host for a given subnet 400+, can degrade network performance. 24 is the most common network size would solve the 254 available host IP address, subnet mask.

So how to create a network larger then 400+ node? Answer is actually quite simple 4 letter abbreviation is called VLAN. The most simple terms partition physical virtual local area network switch into multiple independent local area network so that traffic on a VLAN cannot communicate with another VLAN traffic unless it does a router. As a 2nd tier network isolation, can easily explain the VLAN and the 3rd layer of isolation as a subnet will be discussed at the 6th Festival.

To create a layer 2 VLAN control are the key factors in a given network segment size, in order to broadcast and control traffic and exposure in a given network segment.

Free CCNA SW1 Binder GNS3 topology processing, please keep in mind that SW2 and SW3 NM 16ESW switch module with Cisco 3,640 series routers. Of this switch module configuration, the Cisco Catalyst series switches. Router to configure VLAN nm -16ESW module installed, you will need to create a VLAN in the VLAN database configuration mode. Keep in mind that the VLAN database configuration mode is now depreciated in newer Cisco switches and Cisco IOS software on the exchangers create VLAN global configuration mode using the VLAN# name VLAN_NAME command now.

In addition please note that verifying NM 16ESW switch configuration commands are slightly different, and then the catalyst switch running Cisco IOS. Recommended buying Cisco Catalyst switches 2950 g, or preferably 3,550 in order to familiarize yourself with command on the Catalyst converter.


In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the following command;

Lab Objectives:

• SW1, create 3 VLAN. To name the sales VLAN 10, VLAN 20 and name development, marketing of VLAN 30.
• Port Fa0/1 is assigned to VLAN 10, interface Fa0/3 interface Fa0/2 is assigned to VLAN 20 and be assigned to a VLAN 30. , You validate your configuration.

Lab Instruction:

Step 1. About the SW1, create 3 VLAN. To name the sales VLAN 10, VLAN 20 and name development, marketing of VLAN 30.


To accomplish this goal using GNS3, you need to navigate to the VLAN database configuration mode use the VLAN database command in privileged mode. You can use VLAN in the VLAN database configuration mode number name vlan_name command to create a VLAN.

SW1 con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
SW1>enable
SW1#config terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#name Sales
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#name Development
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 30
SW1(config-vlan)#name Marketing
SW1(config-vlan)#end
SW1#

Step 2. Assign port Fa0/1 to VLAN 10, the interface Fa0/2 is assigned to VLAN 20, and interface Fa0/3 is assigned to VLAN 30. , Please verify your configuration.

To a specific VLAN configuration switch port interface in the interface configuration mode using the switch port access VLAN# command. VLAN configuration you want to verify your user or privileged mode on Catalyst series switches as follows NM16 ESW configured on the Cisco Catalyst series switches or displays the VLAN, use the show VLAN switch.

SW1#configure terminal
SW1(config)#interface Fa0/1
SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#interface Fa0/2
SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#interface Fa0/3
SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#end
SW#show vlan
VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- ---------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                      active    Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7
                                            Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11
                                            Fa0/12, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
                                            Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
                                            Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gi0/1, Gi0/2
10   Sales                               active    Fa0/1
20   Development                   active    Fa0/2
30   Marketing                        active    Fa0/3
1002 fddi-default                    act/unsup 
1003 token-ring-default          act/unsup 
1004 fddinet-default               act/unsup 
1005 trnet-default                   act/unsup 
SW1# 

How to Configure Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

Real World Application & Core Knowledge:

Cisco Discovery Protocol every day by network engineers worldwide record and all understand the physical network topology and not stall. CDP runs on the 2nd layer of the OSI model and exchanging information between IP addresses of most Cisco devices, physical link connection port identifier, interface device IOS version, device capabilities, such as the native VLAN, duplex and VTP management domain.


In this lab, you will familiarize yourself with the following command;

Lab Prerequisites:

• Than load if you use GNS3 CCNA free Binder GNS3 topology than starting system R1 and SW1
• Building R1 and SW1 configuration console sessions respecting the hostname of the device (s).
• IP addresses configured on R1 ′ s FastEthernet0/0 interface 192.168.255.1/24
• SW1 ′ s Vlan1 interface configuration on IP address 192.168.255.254/24.

Lab Objectives:

• Use only R1, determine if SW1 IOS feature set and version that is running on.
• Use only the SW1, determine the IP address of R1 through CDP learned.
• Use only R1, determine the ports of R1 is connected to SW1.
• Use only R1, determine if the native VLAN and VTP domain are on the R1 is connected directly to the switch ports.
• Clear R1 on the CDP table, and verify that it has been cleared; ex post facto verifying R1 relearns about the SW1.
• Change the default timer R1 and SW1 from one to sixty-one hundred and eightieths and verify that your configuration changes.

Step 1. Use the only the R1, determine if SW1 IOS feature set and version that is running on. To determine this information in user or privileged mode, as shown below on the R1 show CDP neighbors detail command is executed.

The statement as shown above with the bottom line SW1; run the enterprise/FW/ID plus IPSEC 3DES version 12.4 (13A).

Step 2. Use only the SW1, determine the IP address of R1 through CDP learned. To obtain this information, you will use the show CDP neighbors detail command on SW1 in user or privileged mode see below;

SW1#show cdp neighbors detail

-------------------------

Device ID: R1

Entry address(es): 

  IP address: 192.168.255.1

Platform: Cisco 3725,  Capabilities: Router Switch IGMP 

Interface: FastEthernet0/1,  Port ID (outgoing port): FastEthernet0/0

Holdtime : 168 sec

Version :

Cisco IOS Software, 3700 Software (C3725-ADVENTERPRISEK9-M), Version

12.4(15)T14, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)

Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport

Copyright (c) 1986-2010 by Cisco Systems, Inc.

Compiled Tue 17-Aug-10 12:08 by prod_rel_team

advertisement version: 2

VTP Management Domain: ''

Duplex: full

SW1#

The statement as shown above with the bottom line R1 has an IP address assigned to the interface of the CDP frame is sent out 192.168..

Step 3. Use the only the R1, determine the ports of R1 is connected to SW1. To obtain this information or CDP neighbor display you can use the show CDP neighbors detail command.

R1#show cdp neighbors

Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge

                  S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater

Device ID        Local Intrfce     Holdtme    Capability  Platform  Port ID

SW1                  Fas 0/0              125        R S I         3640       Fas 0/1

R1#

Step 4. Change the default timer on the R1 and SW1 from one to sixty-one hundred and eightieths and verify that your configuration changes. To make these changes using CDP timer and CDP Holdtime global configuration command. To verify that the changes in the user or privileged mode, use the show CDP command, as shown below;

R1>enable

R1#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

R1(config)#cdp timer 15

R1(config)#cdp holdtime 45

R1(config)#end

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console         

R1#show cdp

Global CDP information:

Sending CDP packets every 15 seconds

Sending a holdtime value of 45 seconds

Sending CDPv2 advertisements is  enabled

R1#